第一节 名 词(null)

　　一可数名词的复数形式

　　可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成如下：

　　1.一般情况下在名词后加-s。如：girls， books。

　　★浊辅音、元音结尾，s发[z]

　　2.以s， x ， ch， sh结尾的词在名词后加-es。如：glasses， boxes， matches， bushes。

　　★以s， x ， ch， sh结尾，es发[iz]

　　3.“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加-es。如：city-cities， country-countries。

　　4.以o结尾的词多数加-es。如：heroes， tomatoes， potatoes。

　　radios， zoos， photos， pianos， kilos 例外。

　　5.f， fe 结尾的词，多数变f，fe为v再加-es。如：thief-thieves， leaf-leaves， half-halves， life-lives， wife-wives， knife-knives。

　　少数名词有不规则的复数形式。如：man-men， woman-women， foot-feet， tooth-teeth， child-children， mouse-mice。

　　★可数名词复数一般情况下考不规则复数形式。

　　个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的。如Chineses， Japanese， sheep， deer。

　　二、名词的所有格

　　　　★名词所有格考试常见部分是

　　名词表示没有生命的东西时，不能直接在其后加s。

　　时间名词所有格在其后加s，或复数名词后直接加。

　三、名词在句子中的作用

　　1.主语是可数名词单数时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

　　All roads lead to Rome。(条条大路通罗马。)

　　His brother is an industrial engineer。

　　The number of the students attending the party is increasing。

　　★the number of 表示数量，无论后面名词是复数还是单数，谓语动词是单数形式。

　　Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me。

　　★two-thirds 三分之二

　　几分之几作主语，谓语是单数形式。

　　belong to 属于某人

　　Both of us are studying English。

　　★总结：在名词作主语时，the number of 谓语动词单数形式；

　　几分之几，谓语单数形式；

　　both 谓语使用复数形式。

　　1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more。

　　A. is B. has been C. was D. had been

　　2. Now， many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs， for example， before the names of ______ in business letters。

　　3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen。

　　A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing

　　4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train。

　　5. The room is eight _______ long。

　　A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets

　　6. When autumn comes， the ______ of trees begin to fall。

　　A. leafs B. leafes C. leaves D. leaf

　　7. The flood has done _____ to this area。

　　A. damages B. many damages C. much damage D. damaging

　　8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting。

　　A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented

　　9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century。

　　A. is B. was C. are D. were

　　10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education。

　　A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received

　　11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man。

　　A. has B. have C. will D. would

　　12. At the bus stop _______ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina。

　　A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits

　　13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream。

　　A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone

　  14. Mr. Brown， and not I ， ________ chosen to be the representative of the class。

　　A. is B. am C. are D. have been

　　15. The teacher， as well as a number of students， _______ to attend the party。

　　A. ask B. asks C. was asked D. were asked

　　16. The hostess together with the guests of honor ________ comfortably in the living room。

　　A. was seated B. seated C. were seated D. were seating

　　17. The father， rather than the brothers， _______ responsible for the accident。

　　A. is B. are C. have been D. has

　　18. Either Carol or Grace ______ to the concert， but one of them has to stay home。

　　A. is coming B. are coming C. will coming D. have come

　　19. The total amount of money ______ 100 dollars。

　　A. is B. are C. has D. have